Individual and environmental factors Essay

1.1Explain the individual and natural factors that sway emphatically or contrarily on learning. The investigation of grown-up learning †ANDRAGOGY †started in Europe during the 1950s and was then spearheaded as a hypothesis and model of grown-up gaining from the 1970s by Malcolm knowles, an American professional and scholar of grown-up instruction. He characterized androgogy as: „the craftsmanship and study of helping grown-ups learnâ€Å" Knowles recognized six standards of grown-up realizing, which are: 1.Adults are inside spurred and self-coordinated. 2. Grown-ups bring educational encounters and information to learning encounters. 3. Grown-ups are objective situated. 4. Grown-ups are pertinence arranged. 5. Grown-ups are down to earth. 6. Grown-ups students like to be regarded. With individualized learning the mentor needs to consider and cook for the requirements of individual members. A portion of the key components to consider are: - Rates of learning and learning style - Attitude - Maturity - Interest which impact the degree of learning - Motivation - Learners can work at their own pace at the time generally advantageous to them - Different learning styles can be obliged - Etc. This previously mentioned components can have positive or negative effect on learning. I have recognized that individuals have distinctive learning styles and it is imperative to use this to gaing the most from every individual student and to help make their learning as compelling as could reasonably be expected. There is nobody right mix of components that will mysteriously bring about a positive atmosphere for learning for each member. There is likewise four sorts of learning styles: - Visual learning style has an inclination for seen or watched things, including pictures, outlines, showings, shows, gifts, films,â flip-graph, and so forth. These individuals will utilize expressions, for example, „show meâ€Å", „lets examine thatâ€Å" and will be bes table to play out another assignment in the wake of perusing the instrucitons or watching another person do it first. These are individuals who will work from records and composed derections and guidelines. - Auditory learning style has an inclination for the exchange of data through tuning in: to verbally expressed word, of self or others, of sounds and clamors. These individuals will utilize expressions, for example, „tell meâ€Å", lets talk it overâ€Å" and will be best ready to play out another undertaking in the wake of tuning in to guidelines from a specialist. - Kinaesthetic learning styles has an inclination for physical experience contacting, feeling, holding, doing,, commonsense hands-on understanding. These individuals will utilize expressions, for example, „let met tryâ€Å", how would you feel? Also, will be best table to play out another errand by feeling free to give it a shot, learning as they go. These are the individuals who like to test, hands-on, and never take a gander at the guidelines first. - Auditory advanced learning style has an inclination for working outside of the faculties. Individuals will tend to: have a need to comprehend the word, to make sense of things, to comprehend. Converse with themselves and carrz on discussions with you in their mind.Learn by working things out in their mind.Not to be unconstrained, as they like to thoroughly consider things. Have rationale assume a key job in the choice procedure as do raw numbers. Remember by steps, methods, arrangements. The students have a wide scope of adapting needs and styles, and this decent variety must be consider by utilizing an assortment of preparing strategies. In increments, the size of the setting, the plan of the furnishings, the working of gear and other physical parts of the preparation room all add to, or take away from, the learning evironment. At the point when these elements can be controlled to be certain impacts, a domain progressively conductive to learning will be made. Hierarchical and proc ess choices: Setting, Facilities,Environment, Meals and rewards, Accessibility, Cost and Physical design. Condition †nature around the instructional hub ought to be conductive to preparing occurring. There are different manners by which we can adjust the learning condition so it provides food for the physical needs of the members: The temperature and condition inside a preparation room ought to encourage learning, it ought to be warm yet not too much hot or too cold since members ought to be agreeable to give enought consideration to introduction. The format of the room ought to be welcoming proposing the possibility of intriguing movement and with satisfactory „break outâ€Å" territories. Ensure that you are alright with the format of the space to convey the best of your capacity and the preparation won't be as successful as it in any case could have been. A positive learning condition supports these emotions by permitting sudents to investigate and grow their insight without undue hazard or dread. Bring a wide range of learning could be certain for the person as we are lar gely various individuals and furthermore confidentatiality is significant as well. Negative effect can be that members don't turn off cell phones what may prompt upsetting different members and furthermore coach. Another negative factor could be lighting which ought to be fitting for exercises, for example, note taking, review of broad media helps and hands-on PC preparing else it will have sway on people or gathering. Asset accessibility depends on accessible assets. The setting will have accessible a PC, with web get to and an overhead projector. A flip outline will be accessible along with marker pens and pens and paper. Developmental Assessment the objective of developmental evaluation is to assemble criticism that can be utilized by the educator and the understudies to control upgrades in the progressing instructing and learning setting. These are low stakes evaluations for understudies and teachers. Models: †¢Asking understudies to submit a couple of sentences recognizing the primary concern of a talk †¢Have understudies present a blueprint for a paper. †¢Early course assessments Summative Assessment the objective of summative appraisal is to gauge the degree of achievement or capability that has been acquired toward the finish of an instructional unit, by contrasting it against some norm or benchmark. Models: †¢Assigning an evaluation to a last, most important test †¢Critique of a Senior presentation †¢University Faculty Course Evaluations The result of a summative evaluation can be utilized developmentally, nonetheless, when understudies or personnel take the outcomes and use them to manage their endeavors and exercises in ensuing courses. Action 2 Attempted at the workshop. Action 3 How you made a positive learning condition: To make a positive learning condition I ensured the temperature and enviromnent inside a preparation room was fine, for example warm however not too much hot or cool, perfect, inviting, brilliant and colorful.Lighting was fitting for exercises, for example, note taking, survey of sound †visual guides that the format of the room was welcoming, recommending the possibility of interesing acitivity and with sufficient „break outâ€Å" arears and furthermore that the members had free access to water and toilets. The criticism on your action from student members: To get the input on my introduction from student members I utilized a criticism survey with the accompanying inquiries. On a size of 1 †5 (1being the most noticeably awful and 5 being the best) if you don't mind circle the one that applies 1.Was the learning useful? 2.Was the data conveyed in a brief and organized way? 3.Did you discover the learning subject intriguing? 4.Do you believe you were bolstered through addressing and input? 5.Did you discover the movement clear and easy to follow Furthermore, I aslo left space for some other remarks or improvement needs. Remarks and improvement needs suggested by members: my topis was Junk food versus Healthy food would be a great idea to clarify progressively solid alternatives, could do supper plans †recommend practice reqires the slides were now and then indistinct †blue words †blue foundation. Delighted in however. No †great introduction Great token of what we know and why I tis critical to eat strongly. I will attempt to eat less sugar!! No, exceptionally clear and enthusiastidly given. No. Was a generally excellent introduction, great utilization of powerpoint slides. Perception record from assessor Les Curzon: Perception RECORD: F211A Applicant name:LUKAS DEMJANJUNK FOOD/HEALTHY FOOD Demjan898@gmail.com Unit 3DLA Delivering Learning and Development Activities Perception Criteria Assessor input †to be finished by the assessor with notes to help the choice Creates a situation that is sure and helpful for learning †for example †wellbeing and security †room format †welcome †obliges needs †comforts member †manufactures compatibility H&S not secured Ice breaker, compose most loved food. The crowd was some separation away and some had their back to you to begin with. Structures and arrangements successfully for learning for example †presentation †principle body †end Great presentation and you got the consideration of the students. Principle body instructive Provides clear points/learning results No reasonable points and destinations. Oversees learning action successfully †utilizes a scope of suitable preparing abilities Would in general be for the most part address style with a couple of inquiries. †utilizes learning assets properly and viably Great utilization of PowerPoints with proper pictures and addresses VAK. †bolsters students through addressing and input Posed bunches of inquiries however would in general be shut â€Å"does anybody† †utilizes fitting developmental and summative evaluation techniques Developmental through Q&A, summative Q&A †could have had a test. Could have planned a supper. †sums up and finishes up the learning and advancement movement Summarized all through and strengthened †helps

Sydney Walker just ask Shakespeare Essay Example For Students

Sydney Walker: simply ask Shakespeare Essay Sydney Walker addresses the divine beings. Which ones? William Shakespeare, Charles Dickens, Laurence Olivier, Richard Burton and different divinities of the theater, who have gone on vacation their extraordinary obligations to chat with the veteran San Francisco entertainer. Entertainers will be desirous of Walker. Others might be suspicious. In any case, its inconceivable not to accept the overwhelming Walker a dream of a divine being himself in his silver hair and facial hair become long for Oregon Shakespeare Festivals ongoing creation of King Lear in Portland when he trusts that he has twice conversed with Shakespeare through a medium. Without a trace of timidity or hesitance, Walker recounts talking with Shakespeare the previous fall while planning to play Lear. Did Shakespeare have any guidance for Walker? No, but to state the play is profoundly stacked as a bit of composing. He was mindful that I was doing it. Exhortation from an earlier time Walker says he has additionally spoken with on-screen characters Clark Gable, Harold Lloyd, Claude Rains and Gary Cooper. He asks them or they offer to contribute vitality to his work. Downpours, for instance, helped Walker with his job as Prospero in the San Francisco Shakespeare Festivals creation of The Tempest the previous fall. Walkers custom before performing Lear every night was to think about Charles Laughton, Ralph Richardson, Burton and Olivier, the vast majority of whom played Lear in their vocations. I welcome them into me, clarifies Walker. It is a custom with me to say thanks to them. Lear may hath ever however thinly known himself, yet Walker, who is 71, overflows with self-information that he uncovers in discussion as effectively as though he were talking about his next job. What Lear is constrained to learn in a couple of days the intensity of affection and unwaveringness, a comprehension of his place on the planet Walker has known for quite a while. Furthermore, some portion of that information originates from his significant distance discussions with the greats. A group of mystics An individual from American Conservatory Theater, Walker goes to the Church of Prayer a gathering of similar individuals who all have clairvoyant capacity. Now and then different individuals give data to him from spirits with whom theyve conveyed. Ive been disclosed to I had an actual existence in Elizabethan occasions, Walker says which may clarify his capability with Shakespeares plays. In this life, Walker, who is calm and delicate notwithstanding his overwhelming nearness on and off stage, was conceived in Philadelphia to a family loaded up with clairvoyants. He had his first prologue to the venue as show in Buenos Aires, where his family lived when he was youthful. Walker contemplated acting at Hedgerow Theater in Pennsylvania, was an individual from the Association of Producing Artists organization in New York, and joined ACT in 1974. His profession has taken him from Broadway (he was Oliviers co-star in Becket) to film (he was the specialist who revealed to Ryan ONeal that Ali MacGraw was passing on in Love Story). He played Lear once previously, about 40 years back, Off Broadway. At the point when I was youthful, I thought there was no purpose behind Lear to go off the handle, Walker recalls. I couldnt get it. I didnt have the weakness. I was unreasonably youthful for the part, genuinely and profoundly. Presently I am prepared to contribute it with my own background. The endurance required is impressive. However, my age is a trait. It makes it |righter.' The vast majority of Walkers profession has been in West Coast repertory theater. On the off chance that you need to claim a kidney-formed pool in L.A., Walker regrets, there are simpler approaches to get it and bring in cash than to act in theater. .u898076b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1 , .u898076b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1 .postImageUrl , .u898076b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1 .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u898076b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1 , .u898076b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1:hover , .u898076b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1:visited , .u898076b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1:active { border:0!important; } .u898076b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u898076b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; murkiness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u898076b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1:active , .u898076b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1:hover { haziness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u898076b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u898076b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content design: underline; } .u898076b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u898076b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content improvement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u898076b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u898076 b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u898076b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u898076b601b954e41fec694a61a48ed1:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Made in Montgomery: locating saints and reprobates on ASF arranges, and off EssayStill, Richard Seyd, partner masterful executive of ACT, who cast and coordinated Walker in Portlands King Lear, calls him one of the shrouded fortunes of the American theater. Next season hellfire play inverse Jean Stapleton in ACTs creation of The Learned Ladies. Walkers work in the motion pictures has been little parts, however he anticipates that that should change with this summers arrival of Prelude to a Kiss, in light of Craig Lucass hit Broadway play. In the film, Walker rehashes the part he played in the Berkeley Repertory Theaters 1988 creation, that of the elderly person who exchanges bodies with a young ladies at her wedding. Hes leaving some time in his acting timetable for different movies. Dickens gets energized As Leslie Howard let me know, |You know, my screen profession began late throughout everyday life, as well,' Walker says with a self evident certainty grin. (That is Leslie Howard, the British entertainer who kicked the bucket in 1943. Walkers discussion with him came years after the fact.) Walker, who every year plays Scrooge in ACTs A Christmas Carol, has conversed with Charles Dickens multiple times. He was constantly energized when marry put on Christmas Carol, he says. With his entrance to the legends of the theater, Walker can become familiar with the privileged insights of the ages and settle hundreds of years old questions. Like the one about the Bard himself. Francis Bacon didnt compose any of Shakespeares plays, Walker demands. Shakespeare composed every one of them hes despite everything composing.

Overcoming The Language Barrier For ESL Students

Overcoming The Language Barrier For ESL Students Overcoming The Language Barrier For ESL Students Overcoming The Language Barrier For ESL Students ESL students or academics commonly encounter difficulties with the English language as they adjust to the new culture and way of doing things. Nowhere is this difficulty more experienced than with academic work that requires writing skills. The knowledge of the material might be there, but unless its communicated effectively it will not result in the grade, or merit, it deserves. It takes time to develop language skills, especially if you grew up in another country. And even if you spent a number of years in the English speaking part of the world, there are still certain subtleties in the language which might be elusive to you, and this might hold you back a bit when you have to submit an academic piece of writing. In a situation like this there can be a lot at stake, so naturally you want to find a way to raise the level of your writing. To do this you will need outside help. You need someone who will communicate what you can already communicate in your native language, but in English. At Homework Help Canada we can do this by way of our editing services. You can write your piece in English, as best you can, and then submit it to us, and we will fix it up so that its free of typos and grammatical errors, and clearly communicates what you want. Our experts will work with you to understand what your writing needs are, and then do the writing for you. It will save you lots of time and will be of tremendous value for you. Furthermore, it will provide a good learning opportunity for you, since it will allow you to see how to properly write your topic in English. You will get insight into how to explain those things that you have difficulty with, which will help you with your future writing work. References: Wu, H. P., Garza, E., Guzman, N. (2015). International Students Challenge and Adjustment to College. Education Research International, Volume 2015(Article ID 202753), 1-9. 202753 Overcoming The Language Barrier For ESL Students Overcoming The Language Barrier For ESL Students Overcoming The Language Barrier For ESL Students ESL students or academics commonly encounter difficulties with the English language as they adjust to the new culture and way of doing things. Nowhere is this difficulty more experienced than with academic work that requires writing skills. The knowledge of the material might be there, but unless its communicated effectively it will not result in the grade, or merit, it deserves. It takes time to develop language skills, especially if you grew up in another country. And even if you spent a number of years in the English speaking part of the world, there are still certain subtleties in the language which might be elusive to you, and this might hold you back a bit when you have to submit an academic piece of writing. In a situation like this there can be a lot at stake, so naturally you want to find a way to raise the level of your writing. To do this you will need outside help. You need someone who will communicate what you can already communicate in your native language, but in English. At Homework Help USA we can do this by way of our editing services. You can write your piece in English, as best you can, and then submit it to us, and we will fix it up so that its free of typos and grammatical errors, and clearly communicates what you want. Our experts will work with you to understand what your writing needs are, and then do the writing for you. It will save you lots of time and will be of tremendous value for you. Furthermore, it will provide a good learning opportunity for you, since it will allow you to see how to properly write your topic in English. You will get insight into how to explain those things that you have difficulty with, which will help you with your future writing work. References: Wu, H. P., Garza, E., Guzman, N. (2015). International Students Challenge and Adjustment to College. Education Research International, Volume 2015(Article ID 202753), 1-9. 202753

My Personal Goal As A Future Teacher - 812 Words

My personal goal as a future teacher is to encourage and challenge students as they develop their learning skills. Teaching young intellects is a significant undertaking and cannot be taken unconscientiously. It is filled with many frustrations, challenges and responsibilities. However, it is a job that is very rewarding one that is filled with pleasure, admiration and excitement. Every child is capable of learning and will do so in their distinct style. As a result, it is imperative to learn each student s learning style, likes, dislikes, hobbies and interests. Building relationships with every student is important. By learning more about them individually I am able to provide suitable opportunities for authentic learning experiences. I want to teach students in a straightforward, direct interaction but also give students the room to grow and expand on their own. At the beginning of the school year, it is understandable that I will lead class discussions, but towards the end of the year, students will pose their own questions and will answer them independently. I feel it is beneficial for students to some times work for the answer rather than being told because it stretches their knowledge and teaches them how to find information in a variety of ways. I also feel a key to success is for the class to work on projects to help others. As an educator, it is important not only to help the students that you are teaching but also give them direction to help others. I alsoShow MoreRelatedA Teacher s View On The Purpose Of Schooling989 Words   |  4 PagesAs an educator, it is important to have a personal teaching philosophy based on your beliefs. It also helps you to keep the focus on what your goals are as an educator and the way you plan to integrate those goals into your teaching. 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Online Purchase Motivation Behaviors From Conscientious...

1. What is the stated research question or problem? The stated research question from Jen-Hung Huang’s and Yi-Chun Yang’s article titled, The Relationship between Personality traits and Online Shopping Motivations, observes the different purchasing behaviors from Conscientious shoppers and Extravert shoppers while shopping online. Furthermore, the article addresses that various speculations have followed the behaviors of Conscientious shoppers and Extraverts shoppers regarding how these type of shoppers are influenced to purchases goods and services from the internet. However, Huang and Yang (2010) note that some researchers have yet to explain in detail on the topic of online purchase motivations (p. 673). In brief, for Huang and Yang to clarify the topic of online purchase motivation behaviors from Conscientious shoppers and Extraverts shoppers, the authors implemented the Big Five Model. Particularly, the Big Five Model addresses the behaviors of openness, conscientious, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism fo r Huang and Yang to answer their research question of the different shopping characteristics behaviors from Conscientious shoppers and Extravert shoppers. - Conscientious shoppers: Described as self-organized, financially efficient, and prepared for the future (Huang and Yang, 2010, p. 675). - Extravert shoppers: Described as motivated to pursue in social activities and embrace personal interactions (Huang and Yang, 2010, p. 675). 2. Does the articleShow MoreRelatedConsumer Behavior Study Notes7882 Words   |  32 PagesConsumer Behaviour What is Consumer Behaviour? Consumer Behaviour: the study of the processes involved when individuals or groups select, purchase, use, or dispose of products, services, ideas, or experiences to satisfy needs and desires. 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Case Study Geo Mt St Helens Free Essays

Case Study of Mount St. Helens Date: 18th May, 1980 Time: 8:30-8:33 8: 30—ash and steam erupted. 8:32—earthquake of magnitude 5. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Study Geo: Mt St Helens or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1 on the Richter scale caused the bulge on the north side of the mountain to move forwards and downwards, releasing material that formed a landslide of rock, glacier, ice, and soil that moved downhill to fill Spirit Lake. However, the water only reinforced it, and it moved rapidly down the northern fork of the Toutle Valley. The mudflow reached Baker Camp, but the floodwater continued down the valley and the sediment blocked Portland’s port on the Columbia River. :33—The exposed magma exploded sideways, which sent out blast waves of volcanic gas, steam, and dust, which is called a ‘nuee ardente’. This moved northwards for 25 km. Within this range every form of life, like plants and animals, were destroyed. For the rest of the morning, a series of eruptions took place, which ejected gas, ash, and volcanic ‘bombs’, or simply rocks. The thicker ash rose 20 km into the air and drifted eastwards before settling. The volcanic ‘plume’, o r could, of fine ash reached the eastern coast of the USA three days later, and several days later, the ash had completely encircled the world. Location: Mount Saint Helens (stratovolcano) is in North America, in the Cascada mountain range. Skamania County, Washington State, USA. Plates involved: Juan de Fuca plate and the North American Plate. Types of boundary and crust: Oceanic (Juan de Fuca) and Continental (North American) crusts. The margin is destructive, also known as a convergent boundary. It’s also a Subduction Zone, as the Juan de Fuca plate is subducted under the North American Plate. Warning Signs On March 20th there was a minor earthquake, which measured 4. 1 on the Richter scale. Tremors happened for the next few days until the 27th of March, when there was actually a small eruption of steam and ash, which left a crater around 250 feet wide. On March 30th there were 79 earthquakes on the mountain. After that minor eruptions occurred daily. On April 3rd there were harmonic tremors signaling the movement of magma deep within the mountain. The crater was 1500 feet wide then. Explosions of ash, ice, and rock were happening almost daily. A harmonic tremor is a sustained release of seismic and/or infrasonic energy most often related to the underground movement of magma and/or the venting of volcanic gases from magma. In late April/early May the north side of the mountain had begun to bulge by 1. 5 meters per day, indicating a build-up of magma and an increase in pressure. By then the mountain had lost its perfect cone shape. It was given the name ‘Mount Fuju of America’. What happened? Impacts? Economic All buildings and manmade structures within the vicinity of Spirit Lake were buried. More than 200 houses and cabins were destroyed and damaged in Skamania and Cowlitz Counties. Bridges, roads, trails, were also destroyed by the eruption. More than 185 miles of highways and 15 miles of railways were also damaged. Around 12% of the total crop was ruined by settling dust. Fruit and alfalfa were hit the hardest. Crops and livestock on valley floors were lost due to flooding. Unemployment around the region of the volcano rose tenfold immediately after the eruption, about weeks following the disaster. This returned to normal after the area was cleaned up. Tourism was nearly crippled in the area after the volcano erupted, however, this was quickly remedied as tourists began pouring in, eager to see the results of the incident. Social Of course the destroying of the houses and cabins led to many people being homeless. The ash coming from the eruption hindered the smooth running of car engines in three states. Trees caused a logjam 60 km away, carried away by floodwater. Electricity supplies were interrupted and telephone wires were cut. Many other electronic equipment malfunctioned due to the layers of ash and the fine ash that drifted into the engines or structures. Transportation was also affected because railways and highways were closed down. The ash also limited visibility, so it was dangerous on the roads. Ash accumulation stopped airplanes from taking off in airports around the area. Environmental Many tens of thousands of acres of prime forest were destroyed or heavily damaged. Every tree in the 250 km2 blast zone north of the volcano was totally flattened and destroyed. 10 million or so trees had to be replanted. Like with the trees, nothing alive, or inanimate, survived the eruption within the blast zone. Game animals like elks, bears, and deer perished in the area as well; Around 7000 of them died. However smaller rodents and such animals were able to survive, as they were below ground level and/or water surface when the volcano erupted. Salmon and other fish were lost when the hatcheries were destroyed, and an estimated of 40,000 young salmon were lost when they were forced to swim through hydroelectric turbine blades. After the eruption Mount St. Helens was left with a huge crater on its north side. The loss of the north side of the mountain, which was 13% of the cone’s volume, reduced Mount St. Helens’ height by about 1,313  feet and left a crater that was 1 to 2  miles wide and 2,100  feet deep. Responses The government of Washington State set up two zones around the volcano, a ‘Red Zone’ and a ‘Blue Zone’. The red one surrounded the volcano, while the blue one surrounded the red one. The WA National Guard response to Mt. St. Helens eruption was:(from youtube): â€Å"When I saw the plume rice 60-80,000 feet above, I mean it was just awesome that one away to say it because we never really get to see things like this often, however when I saw at the rate it was coming towards us I felt tremendously terrified. † Five of the guards ignored the ‘shut down’ command and went to save survivors of the eruption. Many people owe their lives to the five guards who risked their own lives to save them. How to cite Case Study Geo: Mt St Helens, Free Case study samples

Tortilla Curtain free essay sample

The Tortilla Curtain Since its very beginnings, the United States of America has been idealized as ‘the land of the free,’ full of new opportunities for people from all around the globe. In The Tortilla Curtain, written by T. Coraghessan Boyle the reader gets an up close view of the border between Americans and Mexican immigrants. Boyle uses satire to confront many trends in modern America today about immigration and separation of class. These problems are highlighted through the books four main characters, Delany and Kyra Mossbacher; rich, well-to-do, upper middle class are paralleled to Cadido and America Rincon; social outcasts, Mexican immigrants living in poverty. Boyle juxtaposes these two couples to address social ills in the modern America of today and open the eyes of his readers to understand how close their contact is, yet the contrasting lives both live. Even though our country was created by immigrants, as a people, our laws often reject newcomers. We will write a custom essay sample on Tortilla Curtain or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page With newcomers from another area Americans can become uncomfortable. The â€Å"white† race often feels threatened by the â€Å"other† unable to define it as friend or enemy. The â€Å"other† is unknown and represents danger and lack of control. If one is not fully aware of the â€Å"other† and its customs, they have no control over them. From Toni Morrison’s essay Playing In The Dark she writes, â€Å"Power- control over one’s destiny- would replace the powerlessness felt before the gates of class, caste and cunning persecution. †(1794). Here she is making an insight to the relief felt by immigrants who come to the United States from the Old World, yet it is still a valid point for today’s immigrant. Many come to the United States as destitute, looking for some kind of opportunity, for a way to accomplish their goals. Another important quote from Morrison states, â€Å"To all of these people, the attraction was of the â€Å"clean slate† variety, a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity not only to be born again, but to be born again in new clothes, as it were: the new setting would provide new rainments of self†¦vision of a limitless future†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (1793). Such is the case in this book for Candido and his new wife America, whose ironic name symbolizes the hope they have as a couple trying to make it in this country. Although this is a land of supposed â€Å"equal opportunity† it is often not that at all for Candido and America. Throughout the text immigrants are shown in an inhuman light. They are treated like animals and even described as â€Å"wild-eyed. † Delany believes himself to be a sympathetic America somewhat on the side of immigrants, but even in the first few pages we see his hypocrisy. In the first section of the book, Delany speaks on the phone to his wife, he has hit a man passing on the road, â€Å"No, listen, Kyra: the guy’s okay. I mean he was just†¦bruised, that was all. He’s gone, he went away. I gave him twenty bucks. ‘Twenty-? ’ (Kyra) And then before the words could turn to ash in his mouth, it was out: ‘I told you-he was Mexican† (15). This lack of human sympathy shows the reader a harsh disregard for a Mexican life. The man is somehow dehumanized by this ethic category; he doesn’t count, even if he was left almost for dead. He couldn’t sue due to his legal status; Delany could remain in his own bubble untouched by the â€Å"other. † The situation was under control. Boyle focuses on a specific region, southern California, for its diversity among the social-economic classes and its closeness to the border. Few places in America are so rich with the immigrant and class divide like this part of California. In the novel, Boyle deliberates southern California as the mirror coating the rest of America and its prestigious land. The Tortilla Curtain is a novel that projects an in depth analysis of the social unbalance in southern California, in all aspects. Boyle examines factors as immigration, racism/discrimination and ethnic classes and their effect on society, as they tend to misconstrue a simple misunderstanding of the common ground they share and the American dream they aspire. In this novel Boyle tackles the immigration issue that stretches beyond the vertical and horizontal natural borders. Boyle makes use of situational irony, on the where bouts of wanting to kick them out of the country for crossing the borders and its gates, yet these same immigrants get paid for building those borders and gates; which will keep out their own people.. Furthermore, Boyle carries on the notion of how Americans despise illegal immigrants, more specific Mexicans, for being in their â€Å"American† country, with â€Å"American† values, and simply an â€Å"American† lifestyle. In the essay On Whiteness in T. Coraghessan Boyle’s The Tortilla Curtain, Heather Hicks brings to light the significance of the coyote in the novel. Yet within the context of the novel’s focus on immigration, the coyote’s transgressions of domestic borders also must be read allegorically for immigrants’ transgressions of national borders. Indeed the coyote functions as an especially powerful symbol of Mexican immigrants, because ‘coyote’ is the term Americ ans and Mexicans alike use to refer to those who illegally shepherd Mexicans across the border. † (47). The coyote is critical to the plot of the story. First it is seen when Delany states to the man at the car dealership he believes he may have hit a ‘coyote,’ which is a lie, but it also compares the Mexican to an animal. A coyote is an animal which lives in the wild, it is a beast, again it comes into view again when it trespasses the gate in Delany’s yard, it trespasses on his property and attacks one of the beloved family pets. This animal has hurt Delany and has harmed his family. Yet this can be read for much more than face value. The Mexican or coyote, are one in the same. They have disturbed his peace, his view of the calm beautiful mountain side. Whether making it dangerous, like the Mexican with the baseball cap, or trashing it with their beer cans. Delany and Kyra have settled in a beautiful home where they will both feel connected to the wild, yet secure in their own community. Peter Freese dedicates a large part of his essay The Tortilla Curtain: A Case Study in the Genesis of Xenophobia, to the topic of ironic borders and the use of Mexican influence in a life these upper-middle class Americans lead. â€Å"This deceptively straightforward description is full of ironic implications, since although the ‘white’ (blanco) Anglo community is heavily guarded against Mexican intruders, its very name betrays that it is erected on land that was once Spanish and then Mexican. Moreover, the Anglo masters have not only built their houses in the â€Å"Spanish Mission style† of their dark servants, and with â€Å"Navajo trim† (30) to boot, but the people to whom they delegate their manual work, like erecting new fences are of course the Mexicans†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (223). Workers such as Candido and America both find jobs that relate to this community. At one point America is working as a maid in a gringo’s house and passes the sign as they enter his community. This emphasizes the control the ‘whites’ have over the Mexicans, they are allowed to enter their sectioned off neighborhood, through proper access. The ‘whites’ control which Mexicans can get in and what purpose they have on this land. Another important quote from Freese’s article which helps associate the book with reality is, â€Å"The in social climate in which the Mossbachers live is dominated by a steadily growing concern about what has been dubbed ‘Browning of America,’ the dramatic change in the composition of the American population as brought about, among other factors, by the ongoing invasion from the South. Consequently, the inhabitants of Arroyo Blanco are not really worried about wild animals†¦but the human intruders from the other side of the ‘Tortilla Curtain’†(225). The mere fact that Freese uses the word â€Å"invasion† is not coincidence. It is used here to demonstrate the feeling of ‘white’ Americans towards those who may challenge their jobs and land ownership, but most importantly their peace of mind. Later in the story Delany is once again confronted by the Mexican and through his description seems somewhat scared of the unknown, the â€Å"other. â€Å"Delany was reaching for the keys when the altercation swept toward them, and now he stood poised over the trunk of his car, groceries pressed like a shield to his chest, keys dangling limply from his fingers, looking on numbly as the dark man got shaky on his feet, muttering apologies in his own dark language. The Mexican seemed dazed-or maybe deranged† (105). Again the Mexica n is seen as a negative figure, he has stumbled his way up the mountain looking for his wife and does not want trouble, but as a victim of racism, is threatened on his way towards the market. And once again is face to face with the man who put him in this horrific condition. This book overflows with hypocritical speech from upper middle class white people. At a meeting about the gate a man states, â€Å"I’d like to open my arms to everybody in the world, no matter how poor they are or what country they come from; I’d like to leave my back door open and my screen door unlatched, the way it was when I was a kid, but you know as well as I do, those days are past†¦L. A. stinks. The whole world stinks†¦I say that gate is as necessary, as vital, essential and un-do-withoutable as the roofs over our heads†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (44). This is an obvious contradiction. There are gangs that have terrorized certain people in the neighborhood, but the gate is much more than this. It means control. It will allow the upper middle class to form a barrier between themselves and the unknown outside world. They will be segregated from the poor where they will not have to feel any sympathy or emotion that will disturb their daily lives. Again another harmful statement is made in the supermarket between Delaney and Jack, it questions the need for immigrants at all. â€Å"The ones coming in through the Tortilla Curtain down there, those are the ones that are killing us. They’re peasants, my friend. No education, no resources, no skills-all they’ve got to offer is a strong back, and the irony is we need fewer and fewer strong backs every day because we’ve got robotics and computers and farm machinery that can do the labor of a hundred men at a fraction of the cost† (101). This quote brings to life a true reality of immigration. With the newer technology whites have less and less need for manual labor. They are becoming an unnecessary part of society, yet daily their population is still increasing. The quote is extremely important because it encompasses the majority of what Boyle portrays as the white middle-class frame of thought regarding Mexican immigrants: encroaching, dirty peasants who provide more danger than they do resourcesCandido and America are faced with bad situation after bad situation. When living in the canyon and unable to work, because of his injuries, Candido is now terrorized by the newer generation of racists. â€Å"After a moment he got up and waded into the stream to try to recover his things, and it was then that he noticed their parting gift, a message emblazoned on the rocks in paint that dripped like blood. The letters were crude and the words in English, but there was no mistaking the meaning:. This racism suffered by Candido has unfortunately held him back and now it has been passed on through the gringo’s children. He is unable to live in peace just like his counterpart Delany. They both have a mutual fear of the â€Å"other. † Although the â€Å"other† normal signifies the darker skinned individual, in Candido’s place, the ‘other’ is Delany. A man who in Candido’s eyes seeks to harm him and rob him of what little he has. From the advice of his father, Candido gains his first interpretation of the white men. â€Å"In times of extremity, his father said, when you’re lost or hungry or in danger, ponte pared, make like a wall. That is, you present a solid unbreachable surface, you show nothing, neither fear nor despair, and you protect the inner fortress of yourself from all corners. That night, cold, wet, hungry and afraid, Candido followed his father’s advice and made himself like a wall† (169). He continued to follow his advice even in the canyon in which he camped, but the ‘other’ seemed to always have a way to get to him, breaking through his makeshift and natural boundaries. This advice is something he keeps in mind when confronting difficult situations. Candido has clearly followed this advice for his entire life, hardening himself to the world so that he can focus on bowing his head and working hard. However, the phrasing of this advice is what is particularly interesting. The idea of a wall is a major theme throughout the novel, and here we see that it has affected Candidos entire life profoundly. He has taught himself to figuratively build a wall between himself and the rest of the world, and that is how he has managed to push through all of the misfortune that he has suffered. In the end of the novel, Boyle’s theme comes through full circle, the borders, the animals, the ‘other. ’ When Delany has become obsessed without any other resource, he feels compelled to investigate this Mexican on his own, he must confront him, and force something out of him; although he is unsure of what it is he wants from the man, one thing is very clear, he wants control. He is sick of feeling guilt and anger, he must take control of himself. He didn’t care about the hazard, didn’t care about the other drivers or the wet road or his insurance rates-all he cared about was this Mexican, the man who’d invaded his life like some unshakable parasite, like a disease† (332). This obsession has taken control of Delaney. It creates in him a kind of savage bea st, the piece of the ‘other ‘ that lies within the ‘white’ man, â€Å"Delany’s feet slipped out from under him†¦and he was down on his hands and knees before he’d gone twenty steps. Rain whipped his face, the chaparral disintegrated under the frantic grasp of his fingers†¦Time meant nothing. The universe reduced to the square foot of broken sky over his head and beneath his muddy hands. † (347). This image is key to the ending of this story. This is a white savage man, climbing up the side of the mountain like a dog, or better yet, a coyote. He has fully lost control of his prim and proper ‘white’ self. He is outside the gate and has become, one of them, or has he? He actually is much more savage than the supposed Mexican savage. Candido only focused on himself and his family is rudely interrupted by this ‘white’ savage who seems ready to kill. Then as the plot comes to its climax, we see the pain and anguish of Candido, in one simple quote. â€Å"All he wanted was work, and this was his fate, this was his stinking pinche luck, a violated wife and a blind daughter and a crazy white man with a gun, and even that wasn’t enough to satisfy an insatiable God: no, they all had to drown like rats in the bargain. † (353). In the midst of the mudslide and rain, Candido has lost as ability to see the brighter future. This was the life, the wretched life, that awaited them in America. It was not the one they dreamt of for years, it was one full of pain and truggle. Yet there was his wife, a symbol of hope once again at the end of this novel, â€Å"She didn’t answer, and he felt the cold seep into his veins, coldness and a weariness like nothing he’d ever known. The dark water was all around him, water as far as he could see, and he wondered if he would ever get warm again. He was beyond cursing, beyond gri eving, numbed right down to the core of him. All that, yes. But when he saw the white face surge up out of the black swirl of the current and the white hand grasping at the tiles, he reached down and took hold of it. (355). This last paragraph of the novel leaves the reader with sorrow for a lost baby, hope for the immigrant couples future, and an act of kindness that crosses all boundaries. It speaks to that ‘inner self’ Candido’s father had taught him to hide away. It takes us full circle in the theme of struggle and the hope for future. In the end this novel connects very deeply with the essay by Anzaldua La conciencia de la mestiza: Towards a new Consciousness, to help us heal together and cross the borders that have been created within our society. We need to say to white society: we need you to accept the fact that Chicanos are different, to acknowledge your rejection and negation of us. We need you to own the fact that you looked upon us as less than human, that you stole our lands, our personhood, ou r self-respect†¦transferring the â€Å"negative† parts onto us. † (1855). This essay asks it’s readers to pull together and look past problems of race, class, and immigration, which I believe is the entire theme of the novel, The Tortilla Curtain.

what is modern music3 essays

what is modern music3 essays The most important thing that was expressed about the definition of modern music is that the degree of modernism depends on the experience and taste of those whom are listening. This means that each person can have vastly different views on which musicians and what styles are considered modern, because the critique of all arts is merely opinion. The definition for modern in a dictionary is anything within the present. When discussing music the essay emphasized that modern music has other qualities than newness alone. To be considered modern music, it needs to alter in a varying degree from the traditions in material and in the style; it departs from previous conventions. In much of the essay, it is shown that modern music often experiences opposition. In the past, and even still the present, society and the music world initially reject modern music. In the essay music is described as a living language. When modern music is born it can also be considered as new way of expressing a new language. Music evolves just as language does. In the context of music, the grammar used in modern music is its harmony, melody, and rhythm that break all rules. Modern music uses foreign words and expressions that portray the ever-changing environment. There are many styles of music today that can fit the description of modern music. New Age, which often uses sounds of nature to create a melody, clearly has an original style. Hip-hop music is a fairly new form of expression, and when it first began it was rejected and misunderstood by the public. More recent, as it has become more accepted in society and the pace of rhythmic change is quickly altering, for the demand of the listeners. The style of jazz music has also changed a great deal compared to when first born. I feel that modern Jazz as opposed to old jazz is a good example of a new expression of a society in which we live. Lastly, techno, which is a fairly n...

The Cross Family of Words

The Cross Family of Words The Cross Family of Words The Cross Family of Words By Mark Nichol Cross, a word with a great variety of meanings, is also at the head of an extensive family of words, some of which are listed and defined in this post. Cross made its way into English circuitously from the Latin word crux, with stops in Old Irish and Old Norse. It originally referred to a post with a crossbeam on which condemned prisoners were hung to be executed. By its association with the execution of Jesus in such circumstances, it became a symbol of Christianity, not only as a t-shaped object but also as a series of gestures that collectively suggest the shape of the cross and are intended to convey an appeal to Jesus Christ for a blessing. Capitalized, the word refers to the specific cross on which the execution took place; in this way, it is also a metonym for the Christian religion. (A metonym is a figure of speech in which a detail associated with an entity or an idea represents the entire entity or idea.) Metaphorically, in the phrase â€Å"cross to bear,† the word also suggests a personal trial, evoking the story that Jesus was forced to drag his cross over his shoulder to the site of his execution. Cross also refers to any similarly shaped object or sign or to an x used as a signature. The word also denotes an act of hybridizing, or crossbreeding, living things or an animal that is a result of hybridization, as well as an intersection, a boxing punch, or a diagonal or lateral pass in soccer or any similar activity, as in a movement onstage during a theatrical performance. The word also pertains to an opposing or thwarting of an intention or to a dishonest or fraudulent contest or practice. Verb and adjectival forms apply to these definitions as well, and the adjective across means â€Å"over,† â€Å"through,† or â€Å"on the opposite side of,† as well as â€Å"throughout,† and pertains to intersecting or passing through at an angle. (Across is also an adverb, as in â€Å"Walk across the field.†) A crusade was originally a military expedition undertaken to assert political and religious control over the region of the Middle East associated with early Christianity; the series of such efforts that occurred during the Middle Ages is referred to as the Crusades. By extension, a crusade is any enthusiastic enterprise. The noun crucifixion, as well as the verb crucify, refers to execution on a cross; the verb also refers metaphorically to ridiculing, scorning, or tormenting someone in the public arena. Cruciform means â€Å"cross shaped,† a crucifer is a person who carries a cross in a religious procession or one of a family of edible plants (and a crozier is a symbolic shepherd’s crook carried by certain Christian clerics); cruciferous describes a specimen in the latter category. A cruciverbalist, meanwhile, is a preparer of crossword puzzles. Other words stemming from crux include the use of the Latin term in English to refer to a difficult or unsolved problem or an essential point or main feature; the resulting adjective crucial means â€Å"decisive† or â€Å"significant,† and excruciating is an adjective meaning â€Å"agonizing† or â€Å"extreme† and refers usually to pain but sometimes to psychologically uncomfortable situations or to unpleasant emotions such as boredom. As seen in a couple examples above, cross is also employed as the first element in a compound word. Other examples include crosswalk and crosswind; most of these are treated as closed compounds, but there are exceptions, including cross-eye and cross-stitch. Occasionally, cross is the second element, as in double-cross. Crucible appears to be related but is not; it derives from the Latin term crucibulum, referring to an earthen pot in which metals are melted. That function, and perhaps the resemblance to words stemming from crux that begin with the element cruc-, led to the connotation of a test or trial or a situation in which significant change occurs. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Exquisite AdjectivesWhat to Do When Words Appear Twice in a Row

Arthur Miller Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Arthur Miller - Research Paper Example Miller's first play to make it to Broadway, The Man Who Had All the Luck (1944), was a dismal failure, closing after only four performances. This early setback almost discouraged Miller from writing completely, but he gave himself one more try. Three years later,  All My Sons  won the New York Drama Critics' Circle Award as the best play of 1947, launching Miller into theatrical stardom. All My Sons, a drama about a manufacturer of faulty war materials, was strongly influenced by the naturalist drama of Henrik Ibsen. Along with  Death of a Salesman  (his most enduring success), All My Sons and The Man Who Had All the Luck form a thematic trilogy of plays about love triangles involving fathers and sons. The drama of the family is at the core of all of Miller's major plays, but nowhere is it more prominent than in the realism of All My Sons and the impressionism of Death of a Salesman, a play which secured Miller’s reputation as one of the nation’s foremost playwr ights. Also in 1956, Miller married actress Marilyn Monroe. The two divorced in 1961, one year before her death. That year Monroe appeared in her last film, The Misfits, which is based on an original screenplay by Miller. After divorcing Monroe, Miller wed Ingeborg Morath, to whom he remained married until his death in 2005. The pair had a son and a daughter. Miller also wrote the plays A Memory of Two Mondays and the short A View from the Bridge, which were both staged in 1955. His other works include After the Fall (1964), a thinly veiled account of his marriage to Monroe, as well as The Price (1967), The Archbishop's Ceiling (1977), and  The American  Clock (1980). His most recent works include the plays The Ride Down Mt. Morgan (1991), The Last Yankee (1993), and Broken Glass (1993), which won the Olivier Award for Best Play. Miller also wrote the plays A Memory of Two Mondays and the short A View from the Bridge, which were both staged in 1955. His other works include After the Fall (1964), a thinly veiled account of his marriage to Monroe, as well as The Price (1967), The Archbishop's Ceiling (1977), and  The American  Clock (1980). His most recent works include the plays The Ride Down Mt. Morgan (1991), The Last Yankee (1993), and Broken Glass (1993), which won the Olivier Award for Best Play. Although Miller did not write frequently for film, he did pen an adaptation for the 1996 film version of The Crucible starring Daniel Day-Lewis and Winona Ryder, which garnered him an Academy Award nomination. Miller's daughter Rebecca married Day-Lewis in 1996. With  Tennessee Williams, Miller was one of the best-known American playwrights after WW II. Several of his works were filmed by such director as John Huston, Sidney Lumet and Karel Reiz. Arthur Miller was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1949 for  Death of a Salesman.  He has come to be considered one of the greatest dramatists in the history of the American Theatre, and his plays, a fusion of naturalistic and expressionistic techniques, continue to be widely produced. Arthur Miller's  Death of a Salesman  stems from both Arthur Miller's personal experiences and the theatrical traditions in which the playwright was schooled. Miller is in some way accusing a culture that encourages "wrong" values and campaigning against an uncharitable social order that deprives honest workers of constructive labor, then discards those who are no longer useful. The play recalls the

How a criminal develops Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How a criminal develops - Essay Example For example, these children will latter be found practicing what they had watched earlier. The theory has also been proved as true by a considerable number of serial killers who have admitted to have watched horror films and scary pictures (Erika, 2006). Types of feelings that lead to criminal development Alpha motives are feelings that result impulsively from day to day ordinary behaviors therefore proving that social learning theory is exhibited (Miller and Dollard 1941). Nonetheless, other motives might be resultants which are environmental experiences. For instance, in learning theory, an individual who has been insulted by his colleague might feel that the friend has established control over him and therefore this feeling instigates him to seek counter attack. A considerable number of criminals are influenced by these feelings of control in stances where they have perceived that other people have advantage in their lives (Bandura, 1977). As pointed out by Hensley and Singer (200 4) the social learning theory a person is â€Å"instigated† toward a behavior that is a precursor situation of which the predicted rejoinder is the consequences. The social learning theory is supported by psychological findings on frustration theory, regarding criminal activity and the things that lead to developing of criminal behavior. For example, in instances where one expects positive results from a behavior, or perceives there is a high possibility of a positive outcome, then they are most likely to be involved in that behavior. The behavior is encouraged, with positive result, making that person to engage again in the behavior. There are numerous evidences supporting social learning theory through frustration theory including retaliations for nonreward (Erika, 2006). For instance, serial killers come from a stressful environment. They in one way or another have been subjected to some degree of frustration at a tender age or latter by their parents, siblings, and or soc iety. This theory is extensively supported by psychological studies of the criminal mind of a serial killer. It has been established that a mind of a criminal is managed by various distressful sensations which the criminal tries to stop by committing a particular act (Bandura, 1977). Fundamentally, in social learning theory, a criminals’ mind is motivated by various motives which in essence are the feelings of distress (Hensley and Singer, 2004). This urge is necessitated by a stimulus which leads to voluntary behavior to please and meet the psychological needs. For instance, it is evident that when an individual decides to stealing food, that person is a victim of distress and is acting from the feelings of distress (Erika, 2006). Therefore, feelings of hunger might drive a person to steal in order to satisfy his immediate needs of starvation. Nonetheless, in the event that the same individual has enough food and decides to continue stealing more food, then it is observed th at this persons’ motive is motivated by the reaction of feeling anguish. According to Hensley and Singer (2004) other significant reports showed that serial killers might have acted out of instigation and also out of frustrations from failed intimate and other social relations therefore indicating social learning theory. For instance, this is exhibited by David Berowitz alias Son of Sam, a serial killer of New York, who

Cultural Funeral Practices Essay -- Culture

Globally, people celebrate or mourn the passing of loved ones in different ways. Because these traditions are engrained in cultural practices, some may not understand the reasons for death rites of passage. However, monetary challenges in reproducing these traditions can cause a change in tradition. This report addresses the different funeral traditions and offers a solution in the event of financial challenges. History Throughout history our primordial ancestors have believed in the after life. Such beliefs entail processes like burials and ceremonies, which some believed were used to be used in the afterlife or to be recovered in a later reincarnation. As Vicki Lensing cites Despelder and Strickland: Research indicates that as far back as 50,000 years ago, man exhibited concern for the dead. Neanderthal burials included food, ornamental shells, and stone tools. This implied a belief in the afterlife and a concern about life, death, and the rituals that connected the two. Other ancient civilizations such as the Egyptians, the Greeks and the Romans also demonstrated beliefs and rituals about death and an afterlife (2001). Because these beliefs originated in antiquity, one may question the nature of these beliefs. The way of thinking 50,000 years ago was quite different from modern man. According to the late author and psychologist Julian Jaynes, there was no consciousness within man then. Man was vulnerable to auditory senses and hallucinations, the only sense that can not be irreversibly shut off. When analyzing the bicameral mind, primordial thought was completely centered in the right-brain (Jaynes, 1967). When examining tradition, it is important to question the origins; for they may not prove useful ... ..., L. (2009). Leading the world: The role of Britain and the first World War in promoting the â€Å"Modern Cremation† movement. Journal of Social History, 42(3), 557-579. Retrieved from SocINDEX with Full Text database. (NEED DOI) IF NOT PUT IN THE WEBSITE References Dorsey, J. (2008). 10 Extraordinary Burial Ceremonies From Around the World. Brave New Traveler - Online Travel Magazine. http://www.bravenewtraveler.com/2008/06/25/10- extraordinary-burial-ceremonies-from-around-the-world/ Jaynes, J. (2000). The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind. New York: Mariner Books. Kazmier, L. (2009). Leading the world: The role of Britain and the first World War in promoting the â€Å"Modern Cremation† movement. Journal of Social History, 42(3), 557-579. Retrieved from SocINDEX with Full Text database. (NEED DOI) IF NOT PUT IN THE WEBSITE

Economics and Environmental Hazards Essay

In the 21st century, global warming, littering, waste, and temperature rises have been the subject of focus for many scientists. While examining the many causes of global warming, scientists found fossil fuel emissions and CO2 emissions to be a major cause. Although Earth is known as the Blue Planet for its vast water sources, much of that water is saltwater. Only 3% of the Earth is fresh water, and 70% of that is in glacial ice, unreachable by most. Thus, only 0. 5% of the Earth is made of usable freshwater. This limited amount of water is unsuitable for the world’s expanding population. Much of this water, however, can be easily conserved by switching from bottled water to tap water. Through using tap water and conserving plastic, we can save 27 times the amount of water we currently are saving, and use water sources wisely so as to not run out. Literature Review In the 1930s, the subjects of global warming, water, and lack of resources for fossil fuels became concern for Americans. The New York Times ran their first global warming article in 1929, when it first was considered a myth. Now that global warming has become a major concern for people, we realize how much we have wasted nature’s resources- especially water. Although 75% percent of the Earth is made up of water, less than 1% is drinkable and accessible by people. Countless blogs, websites, newspapers, and academic journals, such as the Journal of Dental Association (2003) and BioMed Central (2009), describe how our thoughtless actions have led to water depletion. Through processing, we waste 26 liters of water to get 1 liter of bottled water. The bottles are made in China using crude oil and transported thousands of miles on oil-eating machines, causing the ozone layer to melt. There are now seldom disputes to the existence of ozone depletion, and media uses print and internet to support the cutting down on bottled water. Bottled Water: Economics and Environmental Hazards. Thousands of years ago, water was a gift from the gods, to be saved and cherished. It allowed ancient civilizations to grow into structured societies, and gave people the ability to survive on domesticating animals and growing plants. Today, in the modern world, water is often taken for granted, and has become a daily thing of our lives. We see water fountains everywhere, and bottled water can be purchased in bulk. However, at the current rate we are using water, freshwater amounts are likely to decimate. This gift from the gods has brought environmental harm to the world and wasted the money of thousands of people. Thus, in order to protect the environment and save our own money, we must make good choices and switch from excessively using bottled water to using tap water. One of the top reasons people often buy bottled water is because of the convenience it provides (Ferrier, 2001, pp. 118-119). Easy life is what the entire economy runs on, as we have seen from the declining economy. As income lessens, people are reverting back to an older lifestyle of doing things themselves instead of purchasing services and goods. While bottled water may taste better because of chemicals that companies add in, it also costs significantly more. A New York Times reporter calculated that eight glasses of New York City tap water were about 49 cents a year, but 8 glasses of bottled water would be 2,900 times more expensive- as much as $1,400 per year. Because water is something that every household needs, it is reasonable to conclude that by switching to bottled water, families could cut their water expenses in half (Helm, 2008) and America as a whole could save. The high costs of purchasing bottled water are often due to the processing that bottled water must go through and the costs of shipping and plastic. Instead of drinking water from a local river or other water source, people choose to drink water shipped from Fiji, where extra charge is added for shipping. The plastic that is used to make the bottle also adds charge. A replacement for this kind of convenience is drinking from the bottles and then continuously refilling them to save your money and the environment. According to the Container Recycling Institute, 85% of water bottles in the United States end up in landfills (cited in Aslam, 2006). Unfortunately, plastic takes up to 1,000 years to decompose and the fuel emissions that delivery trucks emanate destroy the ozone layer. Even more smog and smoke is given off by the manufacturing plant, contributing to global warming, evaporation of our current freshwater supply, and melting/mixing of glacial freshwater and ocean water. About 70% of freshwater is in glacial ice, and as a result of temperatures rising, the freshwater melts, mixing in with saltwater and becoming undrinkable until further chemical processing. Another common myth about bottled water is that it is healthier. A study conducted by University of Birmingham researchers found that â€Å"†¦The majority of participants believed that bottled water has some health benefits but that they were not necessarily significant or superior to the benefits provided by tap water† (BioMed Central, 2009). The participants, users of the university’s sports center, stated that the health benefits of bottled water were negligible, and it was taste and convenience that truly motivated them to buy bottled water. Some research even suggests the opposite- that bottled water is less beneficial to health than tap water. While communities actively add in fluoride – a cavity fighter- to the water supply, the majority of bottled water contains little to no fluoride (Rugg-Gunn, 2003). Many large water companies currently undergo processes such as distillation and/or osmosis – both remove all fluoride from the water (American Dental Association, 2003). Since we now know that bottled water is not healthier than other water sources, we must reflect again on the numerous drawbacks of bottled water. Landfills continue to grow and grow, leading to larger emissions of ozone-depleting gases (Sarma, 2002). Birds and other small animals choke on plastic, mistaking it for food, and also die as a result. The ecosystem is dying as a result. The world works as a whole, a cycle, a circle. The consequences of our actions will always come back to bite us, or in the case of water, our posterity when they have low water supply. Conserving water today will benefit people later. In addition, as we become closer and closer to high UV radiation exposure and losing our ozone layer, scientists are frantically trying to build labs, gather money, and conduct extensive research about how to conserve the environment and water. By not procrastinating, and saving plastic and water resources now, we will save great amounts of money. The exotic island of Fiji is known for its pure, fresh, crisp water, even to Americans who live thousands of miles away. A 16 ounce bottle of Fiji water currently costs from $1. 50 to $2. 50. At a rate like that, when we are at the edge of the Great Lakes and other vast water sources, but purchase water from the other side of the world, our money is being sold away to foreign countries. Most of 2. 7 million tons of plastic used for bottling and packaging come from China (Aslam, 2006). The result is a national economic breakdown, not only in the water industry, but in all industries, since people cannot cut down on the amount of water they need to drink. It takes 63 million gallons of oil per year to manufacture water bottles (Niman, 2007). That is not only more water than Fijians themselves drink that we are buying, but also 63 million extra gallons of oil and plastic that we toss away. Ironically, one third of Fijians are in destitution and lack the amount of water they need. Because one liter of bottled water uses 26 liters of water, one kilogram of fossil fuel, and one pound of CO2 (Thangham, 2007), little is left for the Fijians in destitute. This is true for not only Fiji waters, but all waters in the world. In 2007, Fiji, one of the world’s most popular drinking water sources, became the first bottled water company to release its carbon footprint -85,396 metric tons of CO2eq (Corporate Social Responsibility, 2008). Imagine the carbon footprint total for the world, or even the United States. Perhaps American water companies have not released their carbon footprints because of how overwhelmingly large they are. If we could cut down on how much bottled and imported water we drank, we could preserve a large amount of water for the future.

Metamorphic Rock Types Pictures and Descriptions